Sorry, I ain't giving good news.
1. It's hard to comment as I haven't seen the digital disaster in question.
2. Sounds like a central slip rupture.
Bend you wrist and MCP joints (knuckles). Can you straighten the finger in that position?
3. Diagnosed at the time of injury (or suspected, but you have to be looking for it) a splint for 6 weeks usually heals it. Later, once the deformity is there things ain't so rosy.
4. Can you make the finger look normal by manipulating it with your other hand? If not, you're stuck with it.
5. If the deformity corrects, there are a few operations aimed at sorting it out, which generally means none are particularly successful.
6. Listen to you hand surgeon, but you can always get a second opinion- it is your right.